Name servers are the Internet's
equivalent to phone books. A name server maintains a directory of
domain names that match certain IP addresses (computers). The
information from all the name servers across the Internet is
gathered in a central registry.
This makes it possible for people across the Internet to access your
Web site using a familiar domain name, instead of having to remember
a series of numbers.
It usually takes about 4-8 hours for .COM and .NET domains and about
24-48 hours for all other domain extensions before name servers on
other networks are able to access the information after the central
registry gets it. This period is referred to as the propagation
period.